ABSTRACT
Acidic and alkaline mining waste produced from different parts of mining operations is greatly responsible for contaminating crops, food chain, land, water and air environment. This chapter focuses on the current knowledge about providing sustainable and green management of mining waste by phytoremediation; and growing energy crops on mining waste to produce renewable energy and mitigate global warming by carbon sequestration. The possible availability and development of renewable energy resources, for example biofuels is of high global priority due to limited natural energy resources and the adverse environmental effects of fossil fuels. The increasing population growth is associated with a simultaneous increase in food production and consumption and energy use. Success in the bioenergy business depends on the low cost and high production of energy crops that are related to adaptability of crops to different regions. Reclaimed mine soil can be a potential sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and carbon sequestration through formation of soil organic matter and aboveground biomass.
