ABSTRACT
An elastomer is essentially a polymeric material that will stretch under tension and, when the applied force is released, will return to its original dimensions. The initial step in processing the raw elastomer, often referred to as a “gum” or “gum stock,” consists of softening the polymer through mechanical working and, usually, elevated temperatures on a two-roll rubber mill or within several types of internal mixing devices. A small amount of work against water-borne bacteria and fungi has indicated that organotin/elastomers may be functional in water-purification systems. During the development of antifouling rubber systems, it was observed that agents, such as the organotins, which are soluble in the elastomeric matrix would slowly devolve from that matrix when immersed in water. Typical antifouling paints are sometimes elastomer based, but commonly use a non-elastomer, soluble cuprous-oxide agent, thus relying on a leaching-type system or, in a few instances, on a composite leaching-exfoliation system.
