ABSTRACT
The modern studies of the role of the kidney in experimental hypertension begin with the work of H. Goldblatt and colleagues in 1934. Both renin-induced and arterial-clip hypertension promoted the progress of research on hypertension of renal origin. The term essential hypertension has been widely used as the diagnostic name of a type of hypertension since 1911. Blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension raises strikingly over between the age of 20 and 50. The high blood pressure is accompanied by cardiovascular diseases as a consequence of hypertension. The level of intracellular ionized calcium plays a pivotal role in the contraction and relaxation of all types of muscle cells. In renal hypertension with saline loadings, the blood pressure rises initially as a consequence of the high cardiac output, but within a few weeks, the peripheral resistance elevates and cardiac output returns to near the basal level.
