ABSTRACT
The safflower as the cultural plant was introduced into the Central region of the Russian Federation. The results of many years of research have a fundamental and applied significance. Vegetation period from germination to maturity in the years with different meteorological conditions is 94–114 days. Duration of flowering is about a month. The stem is erect, branching, naked, and height is about 83–90 cm. Leaves are with small spines. One plant can range from 5–7 to 20–50 and more baskets. Seed’s coat is hard, and it is difficult to crack, reach 40–50% from the mass of seeds. The weight of 1000 seeds – 48–51 g. Productivity in contrast zone is 0.7–1.7 t/ha. Safflower 260seeds contain 32–38% of fat; the yield of oil was 240 L kg/ha. Absolute fat content in the treated seeds reaches more than 60%, and it is fit for food.
Leaves of safflower Carthamus tinctorius L. by new the cultivar ‘Krasa Stupinskaya,’ showed higher total antioxidant activity in all years of study. It is noted that the synthesis and accumulation of antioxidant activity occur in the active photosynthetic plant organs with a depth of 5 cm seeding and seeding index of 10–14 kg/ha. The total antioxidant activity of alcohol extract from safflower with white petals has higher values compared to samples with red and yellow petals, in aqueous extracts, the highest antioxidant activity has a yellow color petal. The obtained results extend the understanding of the physiologically active antioxidant substances in the various organs of safflower.
