ABSTRACT
In the current work, we try to encompass an integrated, updated, but not exhaustive, review of remediation technologies devoted to repairing damaged environments. The main matter discussed here is bioremediation. We depict a set of techniques and approaches that involve microorganisms (bacteria, algae, and fungi), and plants in remediating terrestrial and aquatic sites polluted with heavy metals or organic contaminants. We highlight some properties to transform the contaminants by means of oxidation or reduction pathways, as well as fabrication of biofilms, or even by mutualistic interaction among plant root systems and microbial community. Although there are some recognized limitations, bioremediation is a very promising technology that should be investigated and developed more and more towards getting cleaner and healthier ecosystems and an environment wholly sustainable.
