ABSTRACT
Bioremediation has drawn the attention of researchers due to its excellent potential for preventing pollution and environmental sustainability. Microorganisms like yeast, fungi, algae, or bacteria are applied actively to treat contaminated soils, polluted sites, and their restoration. Both in-situ and ex-situ bioremediation techniques can be applied to degrade the toxicity and mobility of heavy metals, radionuclides, and many other toxic substances as per specific site requirements. As a part of remediation strategies, the utilization of plants known as phytoremediation can also be used for the removal of pollutants from the environment. Some of the hyper-accumulator species are capable of accumulating manifold higher toxic metals pollutants than those typically used in conventional plant species. Advanced nano-technique can also be applied to enhance the efficiency of bioremediation and management of contaminated soils.
