ABSTRACT
Algal biofuel is considered as a renewable source for production of biodiesel and bioethanol. Algae have higher growth rates compared to traditional biomass crops that result in more oil yield. CO2 sequestration, higher photosynthesis efficiencies, and the possibility of using wastewater as their culture medium made algae the most emerging biomass feedstock. However, the number of review papers regarding algal biofuel are limited in the field of renewable energy. This paper provides an overview on the production stage with a focus on cultivation and harvesting processes. The metabolic engineering and genome treatment in microalgae is discussed and several successful experiments are discussed. This review provided a survey for researchers in the field of renewable energy and biofuel to become familiar with the production and modification stages with a focus on environmental and operation parameters.
