ABSTRACT
Adult patients who now are available for outcomes analysis must have been operated in the last two decades of the 20th century or even earlier. In countries where childhood circumcision is routine, results of childhood hypospadias repair are reported to be better than in those where it is uncommon. Hypospadias surgeons generally wish to bring the urethra to the tip of the glans, thinking that it is easier to construct a straight stream with a slit-like meatus in the glans than elsewhere. Spraying can be measured by weighing a piece of absorbent paper placed around the receptacle of a flow rate machine. The commonest complications of hypospadias surgery are urethral and meatal strictures, residual chordee, fistulae and misplaced meatus. Symptoms from late complications may appear up to 50 years after apparently satisfactory surgery. Paternity is a more important measure of fertility. A single gene locus mode of inheritance is unlikely and environmental factors may also be involved.
