ABSTRACT
Low-dimensional materials refer to a new class of material with reduced dimensionality, i.e., with one or more physical dimensions constrained to the nanometer scale. Zero-dimensional fullerenes, one-dimensional nanotubes, and two-dimensional nanosheets represent typical examples of such materials. Hybrid nanostructures have excellent properties in their pure or single form. The heterostructures consisting of different materials have attracted considerable attention with respect to the realization of multicomponent system of functional electronic devices. ZnO and ZnS, well-known direct bandgap II–VI semiconductors, are promising materials for fabricating photoelectrical, photochemical, photonic, optical, and electronic devices. ZnO/ZnS heterojunctions make possible to tailor the optical properties of nanostructures. Oxide semiconductor/metal nanocomposites are functional materials that have potentials in optoelectronics, drug delivery, environmental monitoring, control of chemical processes, photocatalysis, energy storage, and biomedical diagnosis applications. 1D magnetic nanowires have been extensively used for magnetic recording and spintronic applications.
