ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the discovery and development of nanozymes and outlines the progress of nanozyme applications in biomedicine, such as biosensing, bioimaging, antibiofouling, disease diagnosis and therapy. The nanozymes can be assembled together to form complexes of integrated nanozymes with multiple enzyme-like catalytic activities. The surface area of the nanoparticles increases significantly with decreasing size, and the electrons on their surfaces become very active simultaneously. Besides the size effect, the morphology of a nanozyme also affects its enzymatic activity. As the morphology is so important to the behaviors of nanozyme, it is worth studying the selection of a nanozyme with appropriate morphology to maintain high catalytic activity and stability. Natural enzymes have precisely regulated catalytic activity and high substrate selectivity. The emergence of nanozymes not only changes the traditional concept that nanomaterials are biologically inert materials but also provides a new perspective for the study of the biological effects of nanomaterials.
