ABSTRACT
Encapsulation is a process to entrap solids, liquids, and sometimes gases within a thin coating. Encapsulation techniques are primarily utilized to deliver certain functional ingredients for example, antimicrobials, antioxidants, dyes, vitamins, hormones, and drugs. In this manuscript, microencapsulation techniques that is, complex coacervation, polymer–polymer incompatibility, spray-drying, and centrifugal extrusions are primarily focused. Instead, nanotechnology involves enclosing a bioactive ingredient in nano-scale capsule. Nanoencapsulation holds potential for its application in nutritional additives and specialized nano-packagings. It has vast importance for its intentional creation, manipulation, and characterization. Certain toxicological issues associated with the consumption of nano-particles exist in food formulations. Conclusively, the contemporary chapter focuses on the application of encapsulation techniques in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industry with the key purpose to avoid the drug and nutrient loss during the passage in digestive tract. Yet the investigations are required to explore the encapsulation techniques with respect to their losses and toxicological aspects.
