ABSTRACT
Carbon dot (CD) nanoparticles (NPs) are small diameter particles, up to 10 nm in range, having extensive use in bio-imaging, bio-labeling, chemical sensing, bio-sensing, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and nano-medicines and so forth, owing to its large surface area, more exposed surface atoms, presenting chemical inertness, low cytotoxicity, low cost, and easy fabrication methods. Carbon NPs are composed of carbon core skeleton, and their surface functional groups, in varying composition as per the methods and materials used. The choice for phytochemicals as precursors for CDs synthesis is due to its cheap, easy fabricating, and environmentally friendly, widely available and applicable sources, which will boost the fields of phytomedicine and nanotechnology simultaneously. This chapter discusses the biosynthesis of CD NPs and materials involved along with the new proposed plants-based precursors suitable for both top-down and bottom-up methods, their applica-tions, their photoluminescent details and their phytotoxic effects.
