ABSTRACT
The aim of the paper is to give insight into research and developments of highly efficient methods for conventional hardware that aim at real-time and, if required by the application, interactive simulation based upon FE formulations. The FE formulations involved have to combine the advantages offered by linear and rigorous non-linear FE formulations – very fast and numerically stable computation, whereby geometrical nonlinearities are accounted to a significant extend, thus offering satisfying accuracy for deformations involving large rigid-body rotations. Solutions are sought in simplified co-rotational FE formulation, but also in modalbased methods, in combination with solvers that additionally enable a trade-off between accuracy and simulation speed. The objective also requires efficient, low-order finite elements. The development can be used in a variety of applications, ranging from virtual reality simulators (physics-based animation, e.g. surgery) to multi-body system (MBS) dynamics (engineering applications).
