ABSTRACT
Battery-free wireless biosensors are often preferred over battery-powered devices for their increased lifetime, lower cost, and smaller size. These advantages have led to their wide adoption in various healthcare applications, including orthopedic, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal monitoring, as well as in large-scale food production. Two categories of battery-free wireless sensors: resonant passive sensors and remotely-powered active sensors, will be introduced. This chapter will also discuss several manufacturing methods to achieve the required size and precision including photolithography, micromachining, nanofabrication, and considerations for flexible circuits. The chapter will conclude with common use of battery-free sensors in both healthcare (particularly orthopedic, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal monitoring) and food industry applications.
