ABSTRACT
In the developed and the developing countries, more so in the latter, the available electrical power supply-demand mismatch is continuously increasing, often resulting in forced power cuts to the customers. The system operator with a view to supply power reliably likes to know about the capacity of power available for transfer at any moment of time and under all system states. In a deregulated system operation, both the operator and the customers must be knowledgeable about this important system variable known as Available Transfer Capacity (ATC). Determination of ATC and its enhancement are two important aspects of any system under reliable operation. The system operator uses all the resources available at his disposal to relieve congestion. ATC is computed using the CPF method; this is like ATC based incentive to the loads like it is done in demand response under Smart Grid. The loads are treated in more realistic way as constant impedance, constant current and constant power loads (ZIP) and once again the ATC is computed using FACTS devices. Similarly, CSO is used to obtain optimal location and parameters of percentage series compensation and susceptance of TCSC and SVC respectively. The proposed techniques are used, for testing their effectiveness on different IEEE test systems.
