ABSTRACT
Diagnostic nuclear medicine provides important and unique information that play a critical role in the care of several pediatric disorders. Although radiation exposure to patients from nuclear medicine procedures is low and within the range of common radiological procedures, some physicians remain concerned about radiation exposure to the patient and its potential risk(s) particularly in children. The potential effects of radiation exposure at the low levels used in nuclear medicine are not fully understood. In fact, there is some controversy over whether or not they are detrimental at all. Regarding risk from diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures one could say that there is “certainty about risk uncertainty.” Nevertheless, in an abundance of caution, it would seem prudent to consider approaches that could maintain and even optimize the diagnostic yield of imaging procedures while achieving reduction in radiation exposures in children undergoing these types of examinations. Optimal diagnostic results can be achieved through the following: Appropriate use; adaptation of procedures according to clinical task; use of established guidelines for the administration of radiopharmaceutical activities; and use of modern image processing and display techniques. In addition to considerations of potential risks, it is important to emphasize the benefits and unique contributions of nuclear medicine in the diagnosis of many disorders in children. Since nuclear medicine provides so many advantages, it is important to fully understand and optimize its benefits and potential risks, allowing for a balance between limiting radiation exposure and obtaining all information necessary for successful diagnosis and treatment.
