ABSTRACT
Global trends raise a great challenge to economics, politics, and society. Among the trends of technological development in the 21st century one may distinguish the following: the transition from “manufacturing” as production by means of human physical forces to “brainfacturing”—intellectual production or production by means of human intelligence; the transition from “high-tech” and “low-tech” in the 20th century to the conception of advanced and disruptive industries in the 21st century; the transition from В2В and В2С to М2М—the conception of IoT (“Internet of Things”). The industrial complex management is incapable of keeping up with all the trends. In these conditions the most important issue is prioritizing. The victory belongs to companies that know how to prioritize and concentrate efforts and understand that no company is capable of coping with all the trends. You have to be open to the world. The article compares foreign and Russian state initiatives regarding the development of high-performance computing systems, cutting-edge materials, and production technologies of the United States, Germany, and Russia. In the United States an example of such initiatives is Advanced Manufacturing Partnership 2.0 (AMP 2.0); in Germany, the conception Industrie 4.0; and in Russia, the National Technological Initiative (NTI). The article characterizes each initiative: its goal, technologies, organizational status, and main participants. It is proved that the leadership of US production is based on system engineering, full life span simulation, and computer engineering. Germany is strong in the development of industrial equipment and control systems thereof but lags behind in software development in comparison with American companies in the lead.
