Optical Analysis of RE3+ (RE = Eu3+, Tb3+, Sm3+, and Dy3+):Ca2Gd2W3O14 Phosphors

This book chapter reports on the red, green, orange-red, and yellow colors exhibiting calcium gadolinium tungstate (Ca₂Gd₂W₃O₁₄) powder phosphors doped with four versatile rare earth (Eu³⁺, Tb³⁺, Sm³⁺, and Dy³⁺) ions, powders that are synthesized by the high- temperature solid-state reaction method. In this, powder samples have been characterized by different techniques, like XRD, SEM, EDAX, FTIR, PL, and ML, for their analysis. By using X-ray diffraction patterns of the powder samples, the tetragonal structure of all the 184samples is confirmed. By the PL spectra of all powder samples, their characteristic emissions are confirmed. With the help of SEM and EDAX, the size and orientation of the powder particles in the crystal structure have been analyzed. Photoluminescence intensity is plotted against the concentration of rare earth (Eu³⁺, Tb³⁺, Sm³⁺, and Dy³⁺) ions to optimize the best concentration for WLEDs, fluorescent lamps, and novel materials for luminescent applications.