ABSTRACT
Introduction As treatments for infectious diseases have dramatically improved over the past century, congenital anomalies have replaced infections as the leading cause of infant mortality in the United States.1 Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are, in fact, the most common major structural birth defect, affecting 4-8 per 1,000 live births.2-5 Despite often remarkable progress in clinical care for affected individuals, CHDs remain the leading cause of infant mortality among birth defects.
