ABSTRACT
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the allotropes of carbon-containing continuous hexagonal network of atoms. They have attracted enormous interest over the last couple of decades due to their excellent mechanical and electrical properties as well as unique surface area. Nanotubes are classified into two categories: single walled nanotubes and multiwalled nanotubes. The synthesis of pure CNTs while controlling their properties, diameter, and wall number, remains a challenge. The most widely used synthesis methods, namely, arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition have been discussed in this work. The functionalization of CNTs helps in overcoming the van der Waals interactions and greatly enhances their properties and application potential. Both covalent and noncovalent functionalization methods have been described. The thermal, mechanical, optical, and electrical properties of CNTs and their scope in energy storage devices have been highlighted. The properties of CNTs are still being explored by scientists for potential applications in nanomedicines, genetic engineering, solar cells, etc., and it continues to be an amazing field of research.
