ABSTRACT
Surgical management of male infertility has undergone many recent advancements in operative techniques and technologies. This chapter encompasses a broad overview of contemporary procedural and surgical management of patients with male infertility. Indications and techniques for diagnostic tools are discussed, including transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), vasography, and testicular biopsy. Detailed information is provided on management of obstructive azoospermia including vasovasostomy, vasoepididymostomy, and transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts. Furthermore, surgical management techniques for nonobstructive azoospermia are discussed, including sperm-retrieval techniques and varicocelectomy, with an additional section included on robotic infertility surgery.
