ABSTRACT
Global growth in population, rapid industrial and technical know-how, as well as possible future exhaustion of fossil fuel deposits all over the world, has entailed to the current energy crisis. Moreover, new environmental policies against the global warming and release of toxic gases into the environment make conventional fossil fuel unreliable in the near future. Renewable energy sources such as biofuel, hydro, wind, and solar are alternative options to fossil fuel. Biodiesel is one of the sustainable and promising biofuel alternative options to fossil fuel considering its environmental benign, availability of feedstock, biodegradable, and similar chemical properties with conventional diesel fuel. The commercial production of biodiesel remains the main obstacle for its full commercialization. This study will discuss in detail the procedures and necessary stages for the production and characterization of biodiesel through catalytic routes.
