ABSTRACT
Cerebral palsy (CP) and acquired brain injuries (ABI) are a neurological condition caused by a permanent brain injury. These nonprogressive condition affect movement, muscle control and posture. Athletes with CP or ABI are affected in diverse ways – from severe muscle dysfunction combined with intellectual impairment to mild muscle stiffness. Some athletes with CP and ABI require significant nutrition support to manage symptoms, while others are similar to their able-bodied counterparts. Emerging research suggests there is potential for high-level training to result in athletes with similar physiological characteristics to their able-bodies controls. Assessment of energy requirements and body composition is challenging in some athletes with CP and ABI, with more research needed in this area. There is limited research regarding the effectiveness of supplements and ergogenic aids for athletes with CP and ABI; however, use of such products may be relevant in some circumstances. Sports dietitians/nutritionists need to work with athletes, coaches and other support staff to identify the way CP and ABI impact each athlete and determine the most appropriate individualized approach to their nutrition plans. This chapter aims to review the physiological impacts of CP and ABI, and consider how nutrition can best support performance in these athletes.
