ABSTRACT
Measurement of human movement has been widely employed to improve understanding of a wide range of biomechanical issues in ergonomics. Spinal motion has been measured during various lifting and bending tasks by numerous investigators (Allread et al. 1996; Dolan and Adams 1998; Dolan et al. 1994; Fathallah et al. 1998; Gracovetsky et al. 1990; Kumar 1994; Lavender et al. 1999; Nelson et al. 1995; Schipplein et al. 1995). Others have used motion measurement techniques to quantify hand and wrist movements (Cooper et al. 1996; Schmidt et al. 1999). Shoulder, and upper and lower arm motions have also been measured (Cooper et al. 1993; Feng and Mak 1997; Meskers et al. 1999).
