ABSTRACT
Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 7.7.2 Environmental Protection Agency Regulation of Marine
Engine Emissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 7.7.3 State Legislative Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 7.7.4 Effectiveness of Marine Carbon Monoxide Detector/Alarms in
Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 7.7.4.1 Case-Based Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 7.7.4.2 Marine Carbon Monoxide Detector Evaluation . . . . . . . . 183
7.7.5 Engineering Control Research and Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 7.7.6 Innovations in EMS Medical Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
7.8 Summary and Future Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 7.9 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Although carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning has been recognized since the earliest medical writings, CO exposure continues to be a major cause of death and illness. Many fatal and nonfatal exposures go undetected and unreported. The development of effective prevention programs is severely hampered by the absence of a centralized, coordinated surveillance system.
