ABSTRACT
Semiconductor memory uses semiconductor-based integrated circuits to store information. The semiconductor memory industry evolved and prospered along with the digital computer revolution. Semiconductor memories can be classified in many different ways. Semiconductor memories are generally classified based on the basic operation mode, nature of the data storage mechanism, access patterns, and the storage cell operation. The major components are the memory cell array, decoders, input/output control circuit, and input/output interface circuit. The memory cell array, which is also called memory cell matrix, constitutes the bulk of the chip. A ROM consists of an array of semiconductor devices that are hardwired to store an array of binary data. Once the data is stored in the ROM, it can be retrieved as many times as needed. The information stored in a ROM chip is designed to perform a specific function and cannot be changed under normal conditions.
