ABSTRACT
The aim of this chapter is to describe various high-molecular-weight (HMW) and low-molecular-weight (LMW) agents that cause occupational asthma (OA) and are not included among those that are covered in specific chapters. OA caused by HMW and LMW agents show distinct clinical phenotypic profiles that further support the categorization of agents causing OA into HMW and LMW agents (3). OA caused by HMW agents is more often associated with atopy, work-related rhinitis, early asthmatic reactions, and a greater postchallenge increase in fractional nitric oxide (FeNO) compared to LMW agents.A comprehensive list of the chemical agents that have been reported to cause OA together with the diagnostic evidence can be found in https://reptox.cnesst.gouv.qc.ca/en/occupational-asthma/Pages/occupational-asthma.aspx
Among HMW agents, those discussed are as follows: enzymes used in the detergent industry and in baking, latex, beans, flowers and various allergens in greenhouses, as well as some pharmaceutical agents. In the list of LMW agents, the reader will find: acrylates, epoxy resins and amines, hairdressing products, biocides, pharmaceutical products, metalworking fluids, acid anhydrides, colophony and various fluxes, and other chemicals. Extended tables present summary information on all relevant agents whereas the main epidemiological, clinical, and physiopathological characteristics of each class of agents are addressed in the text.
