ABSTRACT
MicroRNAs are (~22 nt) small non-coding RNA which regulate gene expression at transcriptional and post transcriptional level by binding to target mRNA or by translational repression. Aberrant expression of mircroRNAs has been usually associated with development and progression of many human diseases. With increasing number of miRNAs discovered, it’s imperative to identify putative miRNA targets for novel therapeutics as well as to understand the functionality of microRNAs. Computational tools provide an easy and rapid method to predict multiple targets. Although different types of miRNA target prediction tools are available, the researcher is often confused with the applicability and interface of these algorithms. For successful and efficient target prediction, one must be acquainted with detailed information about every distinct feature of available algorithms and platforms, their advantages, efficiency and performance. The salient features of miRNA: mRNA interactions which are used as thumb rules while designing algorithms are discussed here. Frequently used computational tools for miRNA target prediction, its origin, interface, mode of functioning and interpretation are also summarized. Thus, this chapter provides an integrated way of target prediction that can improve prediction efficiency and accuracy.
