ABSTRACT
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening condition that fortunately is rare. This condition can be associated with other related severe infections. Obstetricians and gynecologists may encounter these conditions, which can be caused by specific microorganisms. Early recognition and treatment of TSS are crucial. On many occasions, the use of antimicrobials alone is sufficient; however, in some instances, even with antimicrobials, early surgical intervention is necessary to treat the source of infection and prevent further dissemination. This chapter focuses on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of some of the aggressive microorganisms encountered in obstetrics and gynecology that result in TSS and other related severe infections. The most common microorganisms that result in these conditions are clostridial species, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus, which are discussed in this chapter given their aggressive ability to progress to disseminating sepsis, TSS, and necrotizing soft tissue infections. This chapter outlines the steps needed to make an early diagnosis and treatment plan, which can be lifesaving decisions for these critically ill patients.
