ABSTRACT
Science has been trying all the possible treatment modalities to eradicate cancer and its associated complications since its outburst. However, due to certain limitations and side effects associated with modern medicine, plant-based medicines with increasing therapeutic efficiency and minimum side effects are under investigation. The present study explores the effect of the Syzygium calophyllifolium bark methanol (SCBM) extract on A549 lung cancer cells to facilitate an alternative treatment modality. The cells were treated with different doses of the SCBM extract to observe the cytotoxic activity. The change in cellular morphology was observed using inverted microscopy. Biochemical estimation of cell death was analyzed through ATP proliferation and LDH cytotoxic assays. The extent of DNA damage on A549 cells after SCBM treatments was observed using Hoechst stain. The morphology of the cells explained the degree of toxicity induced by the SCBM extract. Reduced ATP and increased LDH levels also implicated the cytotoxic effect of the extract toward A549 cells. The fluorescent images of the nucleus also supported the fact that the extract promoted DNA damage and cell death. The proposed activity of the extract is a recommendation on how to utilize natural products for the treatment with promising treatment effects.
