ABSTRACT
Algae are generally categorized based on their variations in photosynthetic pigmentation as: green, blue-green, red, brown, and golden algae. Pigmentation, growth rate, size, weight, and chemical composition of algae are significantly affected by their habitual environmental conditions such as light, temperature, pH, salinity, nutrient, pollution, and even water motion, particularly depending on their taxonomical classes and species. Algae are reported to have high productivities when cultivated on nutrient-rich (with N and P) wastewaters such as municipal effluents, domestic sewage, dairy manure effluents and source-separated urine. Green micro-algae were been used as nutritional supplements or food sources in Asiatic countries for hundreds of years; now in the growing years consumed throughout the world for their nutritional value. Both macro and microalgae potentially serve as a source for biofuel, an alternative to fossil fuels. Algae deliver the highest lipid amount among all biofuels feedstocks available in the market nowadays and their triglyceride production rates are normally 45–220 times higher than terrestrial biomass.
