ABSTRACT
Within our paper we develop a Min-Max protocol (analogous to the mathematical function) for a Rapid Shelter Kit. The objective is to Minimize dependence on external capital and fabrication, and to Maximize local building practice, supplies and labor. We approach the design by reverse engineering how an initial structure (typically) transforms over a three-phased temporal sequence: 1. rapid response, 2. stabilization and 3. long-term settlement. We minimize the use of imported building elements to the smallest amount required to stabilize a shelter in the first phase of rapid deployment. We maximize the opportunity to transition to local knowledge of construction and building materials in the second and third phase. Field workers observe that a displaced community’s participation in the process of transition advocates a sense of ownership and shared identity.
We plan for the three phases by employing adaptive structural engineering principles with respect to connection joints, framing and enclosure components that support improvisation and customization by future residents. For example, for northwest Thailand, we can combine pre-developed connection methods for rapidly deployed housing with locally available linear elements (bamboo) and do structural calculations and testing to provide recommendations to local builders. Our case study simplifies site and as built conditions and geopolitical context in order to focus on the adaptive shelter system. Our paper concludes with guiding principles for systems to support self-building and the need to adapt to local terrain and context.
