ABSTRACT
Tissue optical clearing techniques, as described above, alter the refractive index of biological samples by soaking and washing with chemical reagents, which allow the refractive index of the sample to be the same as the corresponding refractive index-matching solution, thus greatly reducing scattering and attenuation effects during light propagation. As a result, the resolution and signal intensity are improved, thereby increasing the imaging depth, which facilitates the imaging of large biological samples. Therefore, tissue optical clearing techniques have a wide range of applications in the field of biological imaging. This chapter will introduce two mainstream imaging techniques: the more traditional two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEM) imaging, and light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM), which has emerged in recent years. This chapter will analyze the existing problems of these two imaging techniques respectively and demonstrate how tissue optical clearing techniques have been combined to solve these problems and improve image quality.
