ABSTRACT
Modern optical techniques allow us not only to obtain neurovascular images with high resolution, but also to realize cortical manipulation. This chapter introduces how the novel in vivo skull optical clearing technique can be combined with cortical light operation. Recently, optical clearing skull windows have been successfully used for photodynamic effect–induced blood–brain barrier opening, as well as the investigation of the effects of age on it. In addition, precise laser induced tissue ablation in the cortex has also been achieved through optical clearing skull windows. In the future, the in vivo skull optical clearing technique has great potential to provide a surgery-free skull window for various cortical optical manipulations, including photothrombosis, photodynamic therapy, and optogenetics.
