ABSTRACT
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) in pregnancy are life-threatening metabolic complications of diabetes associated with high fetal mortality rates. Therefore, early identification of these decompensated states is critical for the prevention of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. The physiologic changes seen during pregnancy predispose this population to the development of DKA and HHS, both of which are characterized by a mismatch in insulin supply and demand as well as severe hyperglycemia. Treatment of these diabetic emergencies involves fluid resuscitation, electrolyte repletion, insulin administration, and identification and management of precipitating factors.
