ABSTRACT
From the beginning of the modern age, society has imagined a future supported by technology, where man and machine live and share functions both at home and at work. In this sense, the computational vision in robotics can be seen as the ability of robots to have a vision that works in the same way as the human vision works in environmental monitoring. This can be achieved by developing techniques for pattern recognition and digital image processing, and thus the robots can be intelligent, mobile, and also able to perceive objects in an environment three-dimensionally and associate these objects with prior acquired knowledge successfully. The use of robotics in healthcare has grown due to the advantages of their application both at the patient level, such as performing less invasive surgery, reducing pain and trauma, and leading to faster recovery, and at doctor level, such as avoiding complications in certain procedures. It is noteworthy that technology has led the healthcare segment to achieve great changes. Therefore, this chapter aims to provide an updated overview of robotic systems, and it describes their evolution, successful applications, and growing performance in the areas of computer vision and healthcare systems, with a concise bibliographic background synthesizing the potential of both technologies.
