ABSTRACT
Microbiome has received an increasing attention over the last 15 years. Microbiome is a term that describes the genome of all the microorganisms, symbiotic and pathogenic, living in and on all vertebrates. The gut microbiome is comprised of the collective genome of microbes inhabiting the gut including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. Information about these microbes living in our guts is growing at a tremendous rate. The human intestine harbors trillions of bacteria which constitute more genome than all the human cells in the body. The distribution of microbes is spatial in the gut, with the colon containing the largest diversity and abundance of microorganisms. The interactions between gut microbiota and the host have been focused to provide an overview of the role of gut microbiota and their unique metabolites in conferring host protection against invading pathogens. In short, Human Microbiome field of research is still relatively new but rapidly growing, showing several preliminary but promising studies on the modulatory role of human microbiome in human wellness and disease.
