ABSTRACT
The chemical composition of coffee beans is influenced, among others, by species type, geographical origin, the method of cultivation or processing after harvesting the beans. The two most important species of coffee in economic terms are Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee. Two other species that are grown on a much smaller scale are Liberica coffee and Excelsa coffee. The ability to determine the geographic origin of coffee using analytical approaches is based on the composition of plants grown in a particular geographic area, which tends to reflect the elements present in the soil. The instant coffee market has increased over recent years, mainly due to the low price of the product and the ease of preparation. Spent coffee grounds are generated by the soluble coffee industry and after beverage preparation at homes or coffee shops. Sample preparation is still one of the most important steps of the analytical procedure.
