ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the technical and system challenges in the Smart Grids (SG) design. SGs proposes a structure with evolutionary features of the network to adapt to the new scenario with a wide use of information and communication technologies, bidirectional flow of energy and data, use of artificial intelligence, among other aspects. Several electric grid operators face this new challenge of integrating renewable sources into the grid, combined with the characteristic of distributed generation. One of the biggest challenges is to coordinate a strategy that integrates all network infrastructures, be it traditional network or the modern elements network, and the modern elements that characterize SGs. The large insertion of renewable energy sources together with the widespread use of electronic equipment, such as photovoltaic inverters, cause impacts and power quality problems. Challenges inherent to the complexity of the electrical network in terms of the market, renewable integration sources, quality problems, and cybersecurity are addressed.
