ABSTRACT
Automated driving fundamentally changes the driving task. Level 3 (L3) automated vehicles take over lateral and longitudinal control for a certain period and specific driving scenarios. Vehicle automation is associated with significant economic, environmental, and social benefits. It offers greater mobility to more people and improves road safety, reduces emissions, and eases congestion. However, automated vehicles can only satisfy the expectations accompanying their development when they are (1) accepted and applied in traffic, (2) when they function as expected, and (3) when drivers can take over vehicle control safely. The chapter summarizes the state-of-the-art human factors studies in the field of vehicle automation and sorts them into four stages of an episode of automated driving. The literature review reveals that empirical investigations focused on driver behavior in two of four stages only, during automated driving, and when taking over vehicle control from the automation. More specifically, human factors research mainly examined driver responses to vehicle-initiated takeovers in critical driving situations, thereby largely missing other situations. The chapter closes with an outlook of short-term, mid-term, and long-term human factors research challenges in automated driving.
