ABSTRACT
Despitethe evolution ofscience and technologyMycobacterium tuberculosis is still a successful pathogen andcausative agent of tuberculosis (TB). Globally, it is one of most deadlycommunicable infectious diseases, which causes morbidity as well as mortality. Application of conventional drug therapy takes along time, has side effects, and requires multiple doses, so patient compliance of the drug regime is very arduous, as well as slip ups in drug administration that lead to development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis(XDR-TB). The advent of nanotechnology is promising and convincing for the treatment ofTB. This chapter summarizesthe role of nanotechnology in developing treatment for TBinvolving nanotechnology segments like nanoliposomes (NLPs), ligand-conjugated anti-TB drugs, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and alginate nanoparticles (ANPs), etc. which have improved treatment of TB.
