ABSTRACT
Biorefineries utilizing residues and waste materials that are inherently heterogeneous in characteristics to produce multiple added value products need to be actively sought for sustainable development to fulfil societal demands for goods and services. Serious de-fossilization of carbon is, therefore, urgently sought by alternative sustainable biorefinery systems. Biorefineries with carbon dioxide utilization can deliver the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals because these systems are the only alternatives to fossil-based systems by de-fossilizing carbon. This chapter shows that integrated advanced biorefinery systems defined as a facility with integrated, efficient and flexible conversion of biomass feedstocks, through a combination of physical, chemical, biochemical and thermochemical processes, into multiple products can be industrially deployed. It focuses on fundamental systematic methodology that should be routinely applied in order to develop a nascent technology that shows promise for carbon dioxide capture and utilization. For a biochemical or bioelectrochemical reaction broth after micro- and/or ultra-filtration, electrodialysis is a separation unit operation of choice for industrial deployment.
