ABSTRACT
Most theories in the field of intergroup relations assume that within group solidarity increases during between group conflict or, more generally, that between group differentiation is inversely related to within group differentiation. This chapter argues that both kinds of differentiation are bound together in more complex ways and that the possibility of a positive link should also be considered. Intergroup competition can therefore generate strong intragroup conflict, which is also illustrated in Diab’s replication of Sherif’s experiments, in Lebanon. His competing groups were composed of both Christians and Muslims. O. J. Harvey investigated groups of friends in a nursing school, using a sociometric questionnaire and other sources of information. The members of these groups were asked to write down, within a set time limit, as many names of towns as possible while listening to a record.
