ABSTRACT
In Spring and Summer 1999 a full scale Steam Enhanced Extraction (SEE) project was completed at the former Naval Air Station, Alameda, located near San Francisco, California, USA. The remediation was conducted by Berkeley Environmental Restoration Centre. The site was contaminated with chlorinated solvents and oil products caused by a leakage from a waste oil tank buried on the site. The extent of the Non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contamination was relatively moderate. The technology demonstration of SEE was to remove the NAPL and to document the effectiveness of the method. The NAPL consists of a mixture of trichloroethylene and diesel/motor oil and has a density lower than that of water. The source of the contamination is a former under ground waste oil tank. The remediation strategy was to encircle the areas with residual NAPL with a “donut” of steam and thereafter mobilize the contamination towards the extraction well in the centre of the source area.
