ABSTRACT
Photogrammetry is the science, art and technology of making precise measurements on photographs to obtain geometrical and other properties of the area photographed. Photogrammetric surveying has been practiced for well over a century and has been used extensively in mapping and other topographic applications. In the mining industry, photogrammetry has been used to monitor slope stability and surface deformations and also in the open pit mining. Development of the photogrammetric technique consisted of four major steps: choice of equipment, work with a laboratory scale model, use in a mine, and data reduction. The transformation consists of scaling, rotating, and translating the coordinates. The scaling is accomplished by applying the scale ratio determined from the actual and photo coordinates of the graduated rod. Possible errors in the photogrammetric measurements are due to shrinkage in the developing process, refraction, and lens distortion.
