ABSTRACT
Management of mineral scale in unconventional oil and gas systems is important for maintaining flow within the well and permeability within the formation, to maximize hydrocarbon production. Pretreatment of water used as base fluid for hydraulic fracturing of Marcellus Shale impacts whether mineral scale precipitation may occur within well tubing and the formation. This chapter provides examples demonstrating how laboratory and modeling approaches can help identify which mineral scale may become problematic for unconventional oil and gas production to develop appropriate base water pretreatment and chemical additive schemes for hydraulic fracturing fluids.
