ABSTRACT
Artificial Intelligence appears as a disruptive technology that pervades numerous areas of society. As a matter of fact, the practice of medicine is already being transformed by the implementation of algorithmic artefacts which have replaced processes such as diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutics or genetic counselling, which were considered to be areas specifically requiring human expertise. However, if medical ethics has a long history, going back to the Hippocratic tradition, an ethics for Artificial Intelligence still has to be defined. Moreover, as medicine and artificial intelligence refer to different types of knowledge and practices, the ethical issues at stake and the way to resolve them appear at first sight heterogeneous. In this chapter, we will expose the ethical issues which are at the crossroads of Artificial intelligence and medicine and will distinguish between issues related to clinical issues related to public health, in particular the physician-patient relationship and the question of justice.
