The Contribution of Prospective Energy Systems to the Life Cycle Assessment of Buildings

The environmental impacts associated with energy supply and transformation are of major importance for the life cycle assessment (LCA) of building complexes. In France, the building sector mobilises 40%-45% of the final energy consumption on average, about 70% of the final consumption of electricity and is responsible for 25% of all CO₂ emissions from energy use. Indeed, the weight of energy in the building use phase means that the determinants and unknowns specific to the energy systems become structuring for the results. In the exploratory work we conducted, the focus is on changing technological choices, as well as on the dynamic aspect of CO₂ through its variations at seasonal and hourly scales. The prospective model implemented is a techno-economic model of the family TIMES models, which represents the French electricity system (metropolitan France without Corsica) with a calibration over the year 2012, allowing its evolution to be simulated up to 2050.