Review on CO2 capture, storage and sequestration in non steel reinforced precast concrete

Climate changes has been a cause of concern to the population, governments and scientists around the world. Such changes are caused by the growing increase in greenhouse gas emissions as a result of human activities. The construction sector stands out as responsible for the emission of one-third of the total greenhouse gases emitted. The process of extracting and manufacturing the raw materials needed to obtain concrete emits large amounts of CO₂ into the environment. However, recent research has shown that Portland cement based materials have the ability to store CO₂ in the form of stable carbonates, especially in the early ages, through the accelerated carbonation process. This technology can be applied to structural elements without reinforcing steel. This paper presents a review on state-of-the-art studies in this emerging technology and provides methods for quantifying CO₂ sequestration in cement matrices, as well as technical information on CO₂ capture from stationary emissions, transport, storage, costs and incentives financial resources.