ABSTRACT
Bariatric and metabolic surgery has a strong evidence of effectiveness and safety for patients with severe class III obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) or moderate class II obesity (BMI 35–39.9 kg/m2) with obesity-related comorbidities The combined effects of significant weight loss and surgically induced metabolic changes lead to established improvement in multiple obesity-related co-morbid conditions including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea among other conditions All patients who are considering weight loss surgery should undergo a comprehensive medical, psychological, and nutritional assessment. Post-operative care includes ongoing management of comorbid conditions, along with monitoring for and treatment of nutritional deficiencies. Since some weight regain is an expected outcome, health care professionals need to continually collaborate with patients on a long-term treatment plan.
